General Science Questions (Chemistry & Industry)

 GENERAL QUESTIONS ON SCIENCE  & TECHNOLOGY

Prepared by: P.Potayya Sarma

CHEMISTRY & INDUSTRY:

1) Cement is a mixture of _________

Ans : Calcium Silicate and aluminates

2) Glass – blowing is possible with _______

Ans : Pyrex glass

3) Terra – cotta articles are _______

Ans : Porous

4) Which gives colour to the fibre?

Ans : Chromophore

5) Chief component of cooking gas (LPG) is ____

Ans : Butane

6) _________________ gives blue colour to the glass

Ans: Cobalt oxide

7) The chemical composition of talc is ____

Ans : Magnesium silicate

8) What is insulin ?

Ans : It is a harmone

9) For making bottles, which type of glass is used ?

Ans : Soda Glass

10) For making optics, which type of glass is used ?

Ans : Flint glass

11) For making laboratory glassware, which type of glass is used ?

Ans : Pyrex glass

12) Cooking gas is known as ____

Ans : LPG (Liquid Petroleum Gas)

13) Example of natural manure is _____

Ans : Compost

14) Glass is a mixture of _______

Ans : sodium silicate, calcium silicate and sand

15) The natural gas is _______________

Ans: methane ( CH4)

16) Another name of petrol is ________

Ans: Gasoline

17) Domestic Gas Cylinder contains a mixture of ____________

Ans : Propane, Butane and Propine

18) Shaving soap contains excess of ___________

Ans : Stearic acid

OILS & FATS: 

1) Detergents are used even in _______ because Ca+ and Ma+2 react with hard water ions but do not form precipitate

Ans : Hard Water

2) Examples for saturated fatty acids?

Ans : Lauric, Myristic, Palmitic, Stearic acids

3) Examples for Unsaturated fatty acids?

Ans : Myriscoleic, Palmitoleic, Oleic, Linoleic, Linoleinic acids 

4) Hydrogenation of oils give _____

Ans : Fats (Vanaspathi)

5) How Dalda(Vanaspathi)  is manufactured ?

Ans : Dalda is a fat obtained by the catalytic hydrogenation of vegetable oil

6) Soaps are ____________

Ans : sodium salt or potassium salt of fatty acid of long carbon chains

7) Soaps contain 30% of _______

Ans : water

8) Detergents differ from soap in their action with __________

Ans : Hard water

9) Detergents are ___________

Ans: sodium salts of alkyl benzene sulphonates or fatty alcohol sulphates

10) No. of  amino acids known so far _______

Ans : 26

CARBOHYDRATES AND PROTEINS :  

1) Sweetest sugar is_____________

Ans : Fructose

2) The sugar content of molasses is _____

Ans : 50%

3) Consumption of denatured spirit causes __

Ans : Unconsciousness

4) Sukrose is broken down into _____ and ______ during fermentation.

Ans:                             Glucose ,         fructose

5) _______________ enzyme breaks the sucrose.

Ans : Invertase

6) Beer is made from ____

Ans : Barley 

7) Non-sugars are found in ________

Ans : rice, pulses and potato

8) Starch and cellulose are examples of _________

Ans : polysaccharides

9) Cellulose in the form of cotton is useful for _________

Ans : our clothing

10) Starch is tested by which solution ?

Ans : iodine solution

11) Iodine solution turns starch solution into _____ in colour

Ans : blue

12) The sugar of our daily use, is mainly obtained from ________

Ans : sugar cane

13) Sugarcane contains 11 – 15% of ______ by weight.

Ans : sucrose

14) Line is added to neutralize sugar cane juice in ________

Ans : sugar industry

15) Which is called as mother liquor ?

Ans : Molasses

16) Ethyl alcohol is produced by fermentation of molasses by ______

Ans : yeast

17) Consumption of denatured spirit causes ____________

Ans: blindness and death

18) Ethyl alcohol mixed with pyridine or methyl alcohol is called as ______

Ans : denatured spirit

19) Amino acids are building blocks of _________

Ans : Proteins  

20) Essential amino acids must be supplied to human body through ______ only

Ans : diet 

21) Out of 26  amino acids, human body cannot synthesise how many amino acids ?

Ans : Nine amino acids.   These nine amino acids are also called as essential amino acids

22) Sickel cell haemoglobin causes a disease called as _______________

Ans : Sickle cell anemia

23) Which is present in skin, hair, nails, wool, horn, and feathers?

Ans :Keratine

24) Which regulates blood sugar level ?

Ans : Insuline

25) The beverage which contains high percentage of alcohol is _______

Ans : brandy

CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS:

1) The refractive index of diamond is ____

Ans : 2.45 

2) The chemical name of washing soda is _______

Ans : sodium carbonate

3) In diamonds and graphites which is common ?

Ans : Carbon

4) The occurrence of same element in two or more different forms I called as ________

Ans : allotropy

5) Diamond reflects light falling on it , making it shine. What is the reason ?

Ans : refractive index

6) Why diamond is used as glass cutter ?

Ans : due to its hardness

7) Graphite is used as ______

Ans : lubricant

8) Which gas accumulates in caves and mines ?

Ans : Carbon dioxide ( because carbondioxide is heavier than air )

9) Carbon dioxide is soluble in _______

Ans : Water

10) Carbon dioxide is used in the preparation of ____________

Ans : Soda water and cool drinks

11) Which gas is used as fire extinguisher ?

Ans: Carbon dioxide

12) Coal deposits are called as ______

Ans: Store of Sun

13) Anthracite coal contains 95% of ________

Ans : carbon

14) The commonest variety of coal is __________

Ans : bituminous coal or stone coal

15) Bituminous coal contains ________ of carbon.

Ans : 82%

16) Lignite coal contains how much of carbon ?

Ans : 70%

17) Ethyne is commonly known as _________

Ans : acetylene

18) Acetylene is used in __________

Ans : welding, artificial ripening of fruits

19) The allotrope of carbon which has tetrahedral structure is ___________

Ans : Graphite

20) Polythene is obtained from ethylene by the __________

Ans : poluymerization

ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS : 

1) What is colour of methyl orange indicator in acidic medium ?

Ans : Red

2) What is the colour of phenolphthalein indicator in basic solution?

Ans : Pink

3) The pH (point of hydrogen) of gastric juice is__________

Ans : 1 – 2 

4) The pH of acids is in the range of ______

Ans : 0 to 7

5) The pH of bases is in the range of _______

Ans : 7 to 14

6) Human blood pH is _______

Ans : more than 7  (i.e., 7.32 to 7.45)

7) Acids turn blue litmus to ______

Ans : red

8) Bases turn red litmus to ______

Ans : blue

9) pH was introduced by ______

Ans : Sorensen

10) pH of pure water is ________

Ans : 7

11) pH of urine is _______

Ans : 4.8 to 7.5

12) Acids reacts with metal and gives _______

Ans : hydrogen

SOLUTIONS: 

1) The common name of so0dium thiosulphate is _______

Ans : hypo

2) Soda is a solution of carbondioxide in ______

Ans : water

3) Naphthalene dissolves in ________

Ans : Kerosene

4) Naphthalene is not soluble in _____

Ans : Water

5) Sodium chloride in water is ___________

Ans : strong electrolyte

ALKALINE EARTH METALS :

1) Carnalite is one of ore of _____

Ans : magnesium

2) Epson salt is the mineral of ______

Ans : magnesium metal

3) Magnesium reacts with _______

Ans : Hot water 

4) Radium is a _______

Ans : radioactive element

5) The element which gives dazzling light (Deepavali crackers) when burnt in air is _____

Ans : Magnesium 

6) Dolomite is the mineral of _______

Ans : magnesium

PERIODIC CLASIFICATIN OF ELEMENTS:

1) Mendeleef’s periodic table is based on the _________

Ans : atomic weight

2) Eka aluminium is _______

Ans : gallium

3) Eka boron is _____

Ans : scandium

4) Removal of hydrogen is called as _____

Ans: oxidation

5) Addition of hydrogen or removal of oxygen is called as ______

Ans : reduction

6) The first classification of elements is attempted by _____

Ans : Dobereiner

CHEMICAL BOND:  

1) Complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another leads to the formation of _______

Ans : ionic bond

2) Oxygen has _____ lone pairs of electrons in water molecule

Ans : two 

3) Water molecule has  ______ shape  bond.   Water  molecule is in  non-linear bond.

Ans :  ‘V ‘ (English letter V)

4)  Ammonia molecule has _______ shape bond.

Ans : pyramidal

ATOMIC STRUCTURE : 

1) Bohr’s theory is valid for ___________

Ans : any atom or ion having one electron

2) The scientist who invented elliptical orbits is _________

Ans : Sommerfield

3) Rutherford proposed planetary model based on his ________ scattering experiment.

Ans : alfa – ray

4) Quantum theory of radiation is proposed by ________

Ans : Max planck

5) Electron was discovered by ________

Ans : J .J.Thomson

6) The nucleus of an atom is made up of protons and neutrons and so they are known as ____

Ans : nucleons

7) Rutherford’s model of atom is also known as planetary model or ______ model.

Ans : nuclear 

8) The splitting of spectral lines when atom is put in magnetic field is called ______

Ans : Zeeman’s effect

9) Atomic sizes are expressed in ______ units.

Ans : Angstrom

10) An alfa particle consists of _________

Ans : two protons, two neutrons

11) The element having no neutron in its nucleus is ________

Ans : Hydrogen

12) Chadwick discovered _______

Ans : neutrons

13) Who discovered protons ?

Ans : Rutherford and Goldstein

14)  Hydrogen atom gets stability by achieving the configuration of ________

Ans : Helium